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Dr. Jean Dodds'
Recommended Vaccination Schedule |
|
Vaccine |
Initial |
1st Annual
Booster |
Re-Administration Interval |
Comments |
Distemper
(MLV)
(e.g. Intervet Progard
Puppy) |
9 weeks
12 weeks
16 - 20 weeks |
At 1 year MLV
Distemper/ Parvovirus only
|
None needed.
Duration of immunity 7.5 / 15 years by studies.
Probably lifetime. Longer studies pending. |
Can have numerous
side effects if given too young (< 8 weeks). |
Parvovirus (MLV)
(e.g. Intervet Progard
Puppy) |
9 weeks
12 weeks
16 - 20 weeks |
At 1 year MLV
Distemper/ Parvovirus only |
None needed.
Duration of immunity 7.5 years by studies.
Probably lifetime. Longer studies pending. |
At 6 weeks of age,
only 30% of puppies are protected but 100% are
exposed to the virus at the vet clinic. |
Rabies
(killed) |
24 weeks or older |
At 1 year (give 3-4
weeks apart from Dist/Parvo booster) Killed 3
year rabies vaccine |
3 yr. vaccine given
as required by law in California (follow your
state/provincial requirements) |
rabid animals may
infect dogs. |
|
Vaccines Not Recommended
For Dogs |
|
Distemper &
Parvo @ 6 weeks or younger |
Not recommended.
At this age, maternal antibodies form the
mothers milk (colostrum) will neutralize the
vaccine and only 30% for puppies will be
protected. 100% will be exposed to the virus at
the vet clinic. |
|
Corona |
Not recommended.
1.) Disease only affects dogs <6 weeks of age.
2.) Rare disease: TAMU has seen only one case in
seven years.
3.) Mild self-limiting disease.
4.) Efficacy of the vaccine is questionable. |
|
Leptospirosis |
Not recommended
1) There are an average of 12 cases reported
annually in California.
2) Side effects common.
3) Most commonly used vaccine contains the wrong
serovars. (There is no cross-protection of
serovars) There is a new vaccine with 2 new
serovars. Two vaccinations twice per year would
be required for protection.).
4) Risk outweighs benefits. |
|
Lyme |
Not recommended
1) Low risk in California.
2) 85% of cases are in 9 New England states and
Wisconsin.
3) Possible side effect of polyarthritis from
whole cell bacterin. |
Boretella
(Intranasal)
(killed) |
Only recommended 3
days prior to boarding when required.
Protects against 2 of the possible 8 causes of
kennel cough.
Duration of immunity 6 months. |
|
Giardia |
Not recommended
Efficacy of vaccine unsubstantiated by
independent studies |
There are two
types of vaccines currently available to veterinarians:
modified-live vaccines and inactivated ("killed") vaccines.
Immunization Schedules
There is a great deal of
controversy and confusion surrounding the appropriate
immunization schedule, especially with the availability of
modified-live vaccines and breeders who have experienced
postvaccinal problems when using some of these vaccines. It
is also important to not begin a vaccination program while
maternal antibodies are still active and present in the
puppy from the mother's colostrum. The maternal antibodies
identify the vaccines as infectious organisms and destroy
them before they can stimulate an immune response.
Many breeders and owners have
sought a safer immunization program.
dogs include
rabies, canine parvovirus, canine coronavirus, etc.
W. Jean Dodds, DVM
HEMOPET
938 Stanford Street
Santa Monica, CA 90403
310/ 828-4804
fax: 310/ 828-8251
Note:
This schedule
is the one I recommend and should not beinterpreted to mean
that other protocols recommended by a veterinarian would be
less satisfactory.
It's a matter of professional
judgment and choice. For breeds or families of dogs
susceptible to or affected with immune dysfunction,
immune-mediated disease, immune-reactions associated with
vaccinations, or
autoimmune endocrine disease
(e.g., thyroiditis, Addison's or Cushing's disease,
diabetes, etc.) the above protocol is recommended.
After 1 year,
annually measure serum antibody titers against specific
canine infectious agents such as distemper and parvovirus.
This is especially recommended for animals previously
experiencin
Modified Live Vaccines (MLV)
Modified-live vaccines contain a weakened strain of the
disease causing agent. Weakening of the agent is typically
accomplished by chemical means or by genetic engineering.
These vaccines replicate within the host, thus increasing
the amount of material available for provoking an immune
response without inducing clinical illness. This provocation
primes the immune system to mount a vigorous response if the
disease causing agent is ever introduced to the animal.
Further, the immunity provided by a modified-live vaccine
develops rather swiftly and since they mimic infection with
the actual disease agent, it provides the best immune
response.
Inactivated vaccines (Killed)
Inactivated vaccines contain killed
disease causing agents. Since the agent is killed, it is
much more stable and has a longer shelf life, there is no
possibility that they will revert to a virulent form, and
they never spread from the vaccinated host to other animals.
They are also safe for use in pregnant animals (a developing
fetus may be susceptible to damage by some of the disease
agents, even though attenuated,
present in
modified-live vaccines). Although more than a single
dose of vaccine is always required and the duration of
immunity is generally shorter, inactivated vaccines are
regaining importance in this age of retrovirus and
herpesvirus infections and concern about the safety of
genetically modified microorganisms. Inactivated vaccines
available for use in
g adverse
vaccine reactions or breeds at higher risk for such
reactions (e.g., Weimaraner, Akita, American Eskimo, Great
Dane).
Another
alternative to booster vaccinations is homeopathic nosodes.
This option is considered an unconventional treatment that
has not been scientifically proven to be efficacious. One
controlled parvovirus nosode study did not adequately
protect puppies under challenged conditions. However, data
from Europe and clinical experience in North America support
its use. If veterinarians choose to use homeopathic nosodes,
their clients should be provided with an appropriate
disclaimer and written informed consent should be obtained.
I use only
killed 3 year rabies vaccine for adults and give it
separated from other vaccines by 3-4 weeks. In some states,
they may be able to give titer test result in lieu of
booster.
I do NOT use
Bordetella, corona virus, leptospirosis or Lyme vaccines
unless these diseases are endemic in the local area pr
specific kennel. Furthermore, the currently licensed
leptospira bacterins do not contain the serovars causing the
majority of clinical leptospirosis today.
I do NOT
recommend vaccinating bitches during estrus, pregnancy or
lactation.
W. Jean Dodds,
DVM
HEMOPET
Printable Titers Forms and Instructions for Testing:
http://www.itsfortheanimals.com/HEMOPET.HTM
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